Which type of muscle contraction occurs when muscles maintain tension but do not lengthen or shorten?

The type of muscle contraction that occurs when muscles maintain tension without changing length is known as isometric contraction. During this process, the muscle fibers generate force and maintain a steady tension, but there is no movement at the joint because the length of the muscle remains constant. This is commonly seen when an individual pushes against an immovable object or holds a position, such as in a plank exercise.

In contrast, eccentric contractions involve the muscle lengthening while producing tension, concentric contractions involve the muscle shortening while producing tension, and isotonic contractions include both concentric and eccentric movements where the muscle changes length while maintaining tension. Understanding isometric contractions is crucial in various scenarios, such as rehabilitation, strength training, and overall muscle endurance enhancement.