What happens when blood glucose levels are too high?

When blood glucose levels rise above the normal range, the pancreas responds by secreting insulin, a hormone that plays a crucial role in glucose metabolism. Insulin facilitates several processes in the body, one of the most important being the conversion of glucose into glycogen, which is stored in the liver and muscle tissues. This process, known as glycogenesis, helps to lower blood glucose levels back to a healthy range by effectively removing excess glucose from the bloodstream.

By promoting the storage of glucose as glycogen, insulin helps ensure that the body maintains energy balance and prevents the potential harm that can result from prolonged high glucose levels, such as damage to blood vessels and nerves. This ability of insulin to manage glucose levels is essential in regulating blood sugar and preventing conditions like diabetes.

The other options do not appropriately address the physiological response to high blood glucose levels; they either suggest incorrect actions or indicate inaction, which fails to reflect the body's homeostatic mechanisms.