How does eccentric contraction affect muscles?

Eccentric contraction is a type of muscle contraction where the muscle lengthens while still generating tension. This occurs typically when a muscle is under load or resistance in such a way that it must control the rate of lengthening, which is particularly prevalent during activities like lowering weights or controlling body movements against gravity.

During an eccentric contraction, the muscle fibers are engaged and active, but instead of shortening as they would during a concentric contraction (where muscles shorten and lift weight), they actually elongate. This can lead to increased strength gains and muscle fiber recruitment since the muscle is working harder to control the movement.

Eccentric contractions play a crucial role in many everyday activities and sports, as they help in braking movements and reducing the risk of injury by controlling the load.